Caring of Elderly People Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Based on the paper, Harvey Wallace in his book, Family Violence: Legal, Medical, and Social Perspective have cited co many theories as reasons for elder abuse. Out of the numerous theories in this book, I think the Psychopathology theory, Social exchange theory, and the Family stress theory are relevant in this case of Mamie and Meldrick. Psychopathology theory of elder abuse is based on the assumption that the abuser may have a mental disorder (Wallace, p.268) In Mamie s case her only son Meldrick was suffering from paranoid schizophrenia for which he has taken meditations earlier. In normal case, nobody will try to abuse their beloved parents under any circumstances. Only a disordered mind will be able to engage in elder abuse without having any guilty consciousness. Social exchange theory of elder abuse believes that the victims increased the dependency of the abuser results in acts of abuse (Wallace, p.268) In Mamie s case; she was forced to depend heavily on her only son, Meldr ick because of her only daughter s negligence. Meldrick was aware of the fact that his sister may not be interested much in looking after their mother and hence he has decided to convert the pathetic conditions of Mamie into money by collecting as much as money from his sister and from Mamie s social security fund. We will write a custom essay sample on Caring of Elderly People or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The family stress theory of elder abuse states that the induced stress within the family may result in elder abuse. (Wallace, p.268) The family history of Meldrick was not a good one since his wife has taken divorce. The strained relationship with his wife might have developed a feeling of vengeance in the mind of Meldrick. His mental problems combined with family problems might have forced him to keep a sadistic approach towards females. Unfortunately, Mamie, his mother was the only one at his immediate vicinity and he has exercised all his revenge and grudge towards female on his mother Mamie.

Essay on Ap Language review - 1005 Words

Chapter 1 Review Questions 1. What is invention in rhetoric? Invention in rhetoric is the process of coming up with ideas for speaking or writing. It has three appeals, ethos, logos, and pathos. 2. What is ethos? Ethos is an appeal based on the character of the speaker or writer. 3. What is logos? Logos consists of the content of the argument. It also appeals to the intellect. 4. What is pathos? Pathos appeals to the emotions of the audience. 5. How does ethos, logos, and pathos work together to persuade an audience? All three come together to persuade and audience because they appeal to the heart and the mind. People don’t make decisions with just one or the other, so this creates maximum persuasive effect. These†¦show more content†¦The arrangement collects your ideas and lets you put it in order. It allows you to form the best possible argument. 11. What is style? Style is choosing how to express your ideas. Contributes to the writer’s content, message, or emotional appeal. 12. What effect does style have in communicating an argument to an audience? The way the writer communicates is through their style. It appeals to the audiences emotions, it can make the message more artistic and memorable. 1. Invention in rhetoric is the process of coming up with ideas for speaking and writing, kinda like brainstorming. 2. Ethos is one of the three appeals. It is based on the character or credibility of the speaker and or writer. It’s all about making the audience trust and believe in you in a sense. You want them to feel connected to you, that they have your trust and understanding. 3. Logos is another one of the three appeals. This appeal is the content of the written or spoken message. In this appeal it’s all about reducing the problem ethically. Making the problems that they have more understandable and more logical. 4. Pathos is the last of the three appeals. Pathos is the emotional appeal to the audience by the speaker and or writer. Speakers know that people will follow their hearts more than there mind so they try to connect with them on an emotional level. Trying to speak with passion, and emotion so people can feel the pain and understand. 5. The threeShow MoreRelated Technology and Language in Education: The Effect of New Technology on Teaching Languages1539 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology and Language in Education: The Effect of New Technology on Teaching Languages Annie Moore, a 15-year-old girl from Ireland arrived at Ellis Island in New York City on January 1, 1892. She was the first immigrant to come to that United States immigration station, but she was certainly not the last. According to the U.S. Census Bureau (2000), 28.4 million of the 285.2 million US residents in 2000 were foreign-born. With such a large amount of our population being foreign-born, theRead MoreBehind the Scenes of Tracking872 Words   |  4 PagesI grew up in a small South Texas border city, Laredo. 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This book would be a good choice for me because the story gives people another perspective on life for those who are poor. Go Set A Watchman by Harper Lee~ Pulitzer Prize winner -This book is the sequel of To Kill a Mockingbird, which follows 26 year oldRead MoreMy Writing Style And Writing890 Words   |  4 Pagesyet the structure of the class required a video speeches which was fairly new to me. All in all, I have been able to identify and modify gaps in my composition of writing and speech as a result of this course. In high school, I took both AP English Language and AP English Literature. These courses prepared me well for college composition courses, but left me in the dark regarding the personal style development in writing and writing patterns. I was trapped in the high school, five-paragraph essayRead MoreTeaching Is A Difficult Job1478 Words   |  6 Pages(Flipping). The organization of the classroom increases time available that may be used for further explanation of material. In the business world, information is reviewed prior to the discussion meeting. The classroom is set up in the same format; review the information prior to classroom discussion. Every solution has its dilemma. Not every student may have access to the internet or computer at home. For this arrangement to work it would require the responsibility of the student to attend the libraryRead MoreThe Seated Scribe, By Egypt Fourth Dynasty Essay1201 Words   |  5 Pagesmuseum’s Egyptian collection in France. When evaluating Egyptian art we use the word ‘art’ in our current sense involving statues, carvings, frescos and anything that shows an unusual amount of ornateness. The Egyptians didn’t have a word in their language for art, and when you look at the remnants of their ‘art’ it can be seen that it was usually a creation for religious purposes. (This according to Gay Robins Author of the book, the art of Ancient Egypt sponsored by the British Museum). 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Tighten Gun Control And End The Shed free essay sample

Of Young Innocent Blood Essay, Research Paper Tighten Gun Control and End the Shed of Young Innocent Blood On December 6, 1999, a thirteen-year-old male child at Fort Gibson Middle School in Oklahoma wounded five schoolmates. The 7th grader fired indiscriminately with a 9mm semiautomatic pistol at unsuspicious pupils outside waiting for the forenoon bell. I don t know, was the response he gave governments when asked why he fired and injured his fellow schoolmates ( Yardley, 1 ) . Even more alarming was the horrid incident about a twelvemonth ago back on April 20 ; two teens, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, entered Columbine High School and gunned down 12 pupils and a instructor, besides injuring 23 others ( Drummond 8 ) . These incidents of school force daze and shock us, particularly sing these were the latest of a series of violent onslaughts / slayings by striplings at school. Between 1992 and 1998, wholly excepting the violent eruption in 1999, 225 school related violent deceases were reported ( Marlin 169 ) . If this job is non solved, America s decease toll ( of kids! ) will merely increase. Schools must recognize that griping up security is non the solution ; the one kid non focused on will be the one to convey in the handguns and pistols. America s educational installations would non hold to look like military bases if all instructors and parents stopped the job at its root. We must contend adamantly for stricter gun control, so that these deathly arms neer infiltrate our cherished kids s lives. To to the full understand the job, we must foremost reexamine the history of force in schools. In a survey in 1940, public school instructors were asked to rank the top seven disciplinary jobs. Some of their top seven included speaking out of bend, masticating gum, cutting in line, and running in the halls. Fifty old ages subsequently in 1990, the same inquiry was asked of our public school instructors ; their responses included robbery, colza, assault, and hooliganism ( Marlin 169 ) . Schools have gone from the resort areas of the inexperienced person to the front conflict lines of the corrupt. All pupils and parents of school-aged kids face the possibility every twenty-four hours that they ( or their kids ) may neer return place from school or may be the victim of an atrocious assault that would do them neer want to return to school. Many feel that stronger security will halt the force. However, metal sensors didn T aid the three pupils in Fayetteville, Tennessee gunned down in the school parking batch in May 19, 1998 ( Manzo, 18 ) . Metallic sensors are good in idea, but armed guards can non stand at the entrywaies waiting for a pupil to walk in with a laden arm. By the clip person apprehends the pupil, he could ve already pulled out the arm and claimed several lives. These lone work with changeless surveillance and are easy avoided. There are normally several entrywaies to the school that pupils would non usually go through i.e. care doors, exigency issues, and kitchen entrywaies ; most schools would non desire to fund metal sensors for seldom used entrywaies with money already scarce. Other people insist that deficiency of values instructions in the schoolroom has caused increased school force, which is likely besides true. A celebrated motto of the NRA is Guns Don T putting to death people, people kill people. However, today s construct of political rightness unluckily removes most values instructions from schoolrooms. In Stone v. Graham, the United States ruled that poster of the Ten Commandments violates the first amendment s Establishment clause, which prevents the indorsement of any faith by a authorities organic structure, schools being authorities funded ( Stone 6 ) . Since our authorities has fundamentally banned a papers that says 1000 shalt non kill, we are forced to make an environment that makes it hard to kill ; we can make this merely by establishing rigorous Torahs with rough penalty refering gun control. Harmonizing to a study issued by the Department of Education, over 6000 pupils were expelled in 1996-1997 for conveying guns into the public schools. Even more alarming, a 1995 study conducted by the Center for Disease Control found that two in 25 high sch ool pupils reported holding carried a gun in the last 30 yearss ( Rashten, 132 ) . A simple measure to controling these hideous statistics is to extinguish the gross revenues of pistols wholly. Hunters and sportswomans can support rifles or scatterguns, but can anyone believe of a existent intent for a pistol? For protection from aggressors in the place? A rifle or scattergun could easy guard off an aggressor, but fortuitously, are non easy concealed. Pistols are easy concealed, and their exclusive intent is to kill people, really dismaying, sing that the U.S. Senate estimations that Americans own at least 60 million pistols ( Rashten 132 ) . Possibly less drastic, gun makers could do merely smart guns for sale to the general populace. One thought is a wireless sender wristband that must be worn when firing. Equally long as the taw wears the wristband, he can fire outright. Without it, the gun is useless. This wristband would be rapidly identifiable by guiltless bystanders. It would besides be really time-consuming to draw out the concealed watchband, put it on, and so fire the gun. Maryland Governor Glendening has voiced that he wants a authorization for merely individualized guns to be sold in Maryland after June 1, 2003. Smith and Wesson has a handgun with a fingerprint scanner lock in the workings. Yes, the gun could be stolen, but any effort to disenable the lock would destruct the gun. Our gun makers should bring forth these alternatively of easy concealed debris guns, cop killer slugs, and mail order parts for piecing untraceable guns without consecutive Numberss ( LeDuc A01 ) . The Consumer Product Safety Commissi on was created to protect our people against unreasonable hazard for hurt by consumer merchandises in 1972, yet gun lobbyists made certain that guns were non portion of their legal power. They can modulate playthings, apparels, and lawn mowers, but non a merchandise marketed to kill ( Gun Industry Reform 3 ) . With the 10 million dollars that Clinton has proposed to give to research in this fantastic engineering, hopefully we can acquire some merchandises on the market that are consumer safe. ( LeDuc A01 ) . Last, gun traders must guarantee that merely those lawfully authorized to have a gun addition entree. This can happen by larceny from traders with unequal security, majority buying by organized gun sellers, or by simple carelessness in look intoing individuality. Besides many guns are provided to the illegal market through gun shows, where background cheques are about nonexistent and gross revenues are virtually unregulated. The Columbine slayers used guns purchased from a gun show by an eighteen-year-old friend. I wish it had been more hard. I wouldn Ts have helped them purchase the guns if I I had faced a background cheque. -Robyn Anderson, buyer of guns used at Columbine High School ( Handgun Control 5 ) David Koresh, the Branch Dividian cult leader, purchased at least two hundred automatic and Semi-automatic guns from Texas gun shows, non to advert 1000s of unit of ammunitions of ammo ( Private Gross saless at Handgun Shows 10 ) . These private traders are exempt from the Brady Bill, which requires a background cheque for gun purchases. These traders must be made to conform to the same regulations as any other reseller. After all, an unrestricted purchase resulted in the largest mass school killing the United States has of all time seen last twelvemonth at Columbine. American kids are the most at hazard of decease by pieces than any other industrialised state. In merely one twelvemonth, pieces killed no kid in Japan, 19 in Great Britain, 57 in Germany, 109 in France, 153 in Canada, and 5285 in the United States ( The School Shootings and Beyond 1 ) . The grownups of our great state must take action to control these awful statistics, which includes serious design alterations or complete forbiddance of pistols and more limitation on the gross revenues of pieces into illegal markets. Our society is on a steady way downhill, and will unluckily bury the kids of the hereafter with them unless something is done rapidly. What is more of import, alterations in an already corrupt gun gross revenues market or our kids s lives? Possibly the parents of the Columbine victims might hold the reply.

The Adam Smith Laissez-Faire Theory Essay Example

The Adam Smith Laissez-Faire Theory Paper In the modern world, countries like Canada and the United States tend to move from the left wing to the right wing. Is this a good thing? Adam Smiths laissez-faire theory, The Invisible Hand, explains the fact that the selfish of all individuals of a society ultimately combine to benefit all of society. People in private enterprise countries have stronger sufficiency and individual initiative, and societies have higher productivity. Alberta government is introducing Bill 11, which is based on Canada Health Act. This bill is supposed to privatize the heath care system. It would allow for-profit clinics to do minor surgeries and keep patients for extended overnight stays. It will increase our economy because the government can now use the money that is saved from it to pay their debts and for international investments. Albertas health care funds have been numerous. They were abused on healing people who caused drunk and drive accidents, people who smoke too much, and people who do drugs. These people do not deserve any free health care. They should be responsible for themselves and pay for their own health care fees. We will write a custom essay sample on The Adam Smith Laissez-Faire Theory specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Adam Smith Laissez-Faire Theory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Adam Smith Laissez-Faire Theory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Many people say that private for-profit health care is less efficient and more expensive than public health care. Private health care would cause people who cannot function in such a competitive environment to suffer. But think about the benefit we will have for the majority people. Isnt majority rules the main theory in democratic countries? Expanding private health care is the only way to cut costs and reduce waiting lists in a public system that has been stretched to the limits by federal funding cuts. A private enterprise economy creates a competitive environment. People work harder and are more initiative and productive. Lets take computer as an example. In the old day, high-tech computers were only used in military. Computers controlled all kinds of nuclear weapons, missiles, and space stations. But ever since the free market economy was introduced, computer production grew rapidly. Company like IBM, Intel and Apple were the very first that came up with commercial and home computers. They produced millions of chips every year and the technology they are using is getting better and better. The quality and speed of a computer grow at least 2 times a year. Now different companies also produce different parts of computers. A computer is no longer made by a single company. This creates great competition and great productivity. Any ordinary home computers you can see now are all a hundred times better than the computers that were used on the space satellites before. China, the country with largest population in the world, now happens to be a backward country. Ever since communism was introduced in China, it has been fallen behind in the world’s economy. China believes public enterprise will eventually be the best economic system. But in fact, Chinese people, who are known as hard working, has become lazy and lost their productive sense. The Chinese government controls everything, even the human rights. Comparing China to its near-by democratic and free market country (also known as their cross-sea province) Taiwan, which started economic reform just at the same time China did. Taiwan is now producing US$ 12,333 per capita GNP while China is only producing US$ 738 per capita GNP. Just think about that Taiwan is a very small Island that only has 22 million people in it and it is producing higher GNP than that of the huge China. Comparison of China and Taiwan is unique because they are both Chinese but have opposite political and economic system. As statistics shown, Taiwan has become a much more successful country than China in economic growth. Private enterprise economic system allows small business. Microsoft, the biggest computer Software Company in the world was also built from the ground up. Bill Gate, the guy who created Microsoft, started the business when he was still a university student. He believed he would make an effort and changes in the computer world. So he dropped out of school and formed a small company. As we all can see that this small company now makes the most revenue than any other big corporations in the world. This means that people like you and me all have a chance to make a difference in our lives. The American government is now against that Microsoft has been illegally wielded monopoly power. But in fact, the company is also facing rival operating systems such as Linux and BeOS. The company admitted that at present the rivals were not viable alternatives to Microsoft, but the software market could be very different in one or two years. If the private enterprise economy were not introduced, we would not be able to have the technology we have now because when the government controls everything, no one would be productive and initiative. If there were not a company like Microsoft, we would not be able to have amazing multimedia computers now. Microsofts productivity proves that the free market system is the best for a countrys economy. Thus when choosing to restructure a countrys economy, it is the best for a government to use private enterprise. It helps a government to reduce social costs and it encourages its citizen to be more initiative. The problems that face many economies today such as rising of national debts can best be met by restructuring economies using private enterprise.

Tanglewood Case 5 Disparate Impact Analysis free essay sample

Tanglewood Case 5: Disparate Impact Analysis BY stiff105 Tanglewood Case 5: Disparate Impact Analysis Recruitment and Selection HRM 450 Current Needs Assessment Tanglewood prides itself on encouragement of diversity in the workplace. All hiring and promotion decisions should be made on the basis of character and quality of work. The ensuing lawsuit brings about a need to analyze Tanglewoods selection strategies to ensure these practices are not hindering the promotion of diversity. In order to do this, it is necessary to study the flow and concentration statistics of the organization. Flow statistics are calculated by comparing the number of people hired and promoted in the organization with the total number of people that apply. These statistics are then divided into different groups (i. e. race, gender). The selection rates of the different groups are compared to determine if there is a significant difference in selection between the groups. An example of this would be to look at the number of total white applicants and the percentage of those applicants that were hired. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanglewood Case 5: Disparate Impact Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then, look at the total number of African American applicants and the percentage of hose applicants that were hired. These two percentages must then be compared. A useful comparison of these percentages would require that the number of African Americans selected equal 80% or the number of white employees hired. This is known as the four-fifths rule. The Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures (UGESP) requires that all organizations keep records that will allow for calculation and comparison of these statistics. The UGESP also requires that the four-fifths rule be calculated in all organizations. If is it shown that a selection rate for any roup is less than four- ifths (4/5) (or eighty percent) of the rate of for the group with the highest rate then this will usually be considered to be evidence of adverse impact. Adverse (or disparate) impact occurs when staffing practices have potential discriminatory impact on individuals because of sex, race, religion, disability, national origin or age. Although the four-fifths rule is really only a guideline, any digression from this rule should b e thoroughly examined. It is also important to note that although the discrimination is not intentional, it may be occurring all the same and could possibly be deemed illegal. Along with the flow statistics of the selection processes in the organization, it is necessary to examine the concentration statistics among different groups in Tanglewood. Concentration statistics inspect the total number of individuals employed in a certain position as compared to the number of individuals from different race groups employed in a certain position. For example, it is useful to look at the percentage of white employees employed in the position of Store Manager African Americans employed in the Store Manager position compared to the total number of Store Managers. Also, it is useful to examine the percentage of African American employees employed in upper management positions as compared to the percentage of African Americans employed in the lower positions such as Store Associate. Although there are no specific legal guidelines for the analysis of concentration statistics, it is important to explore them as a means of determining any possible unintentional discrimination in selection practices. Current Organizational Statistics After careful examination of the Tanglewoods flow statistics, there is evidence this organization may be involved in selection practices

The Brothers Grimm Brought German Folklore to the World

The Brothers Grimm Brought German Folklore to the World Almost every child knows fairy tales like Cinderella, Snow White, or Sleeping Beauty  and not just because  of the watered-down Disney movie versions. Those fairy tales are  part of Germanys cultural heritage, most of them originating in Germany and recorded  by two brothers, Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. Jacob and Wilhelm  specialized in publishing  the folklore, myths, and fairytales they  had collected over many years. Although most of their stories take place in a more or less medieval world, they were collected and published by the Brothers Grimm in the 19th century, and have long retained their grip on the imagination of  children and adults all over the world. Early Life of the Grimm Brothers Jacob, born in 1785, and Wilhelm, born in 1786, were sons of a  jurist, Philipp Wilhelm Grimm, and lived in Hanau in Hesse. Like many families at the time, this was a large family, with seven siblings, three of whom died in infancy.   In 1795, Philipp Wilhelm Grimm  died of pneumonia. Without him, the familys income and social status declined rapidly. Jacob and Wilhelm could no longer live with their siblings and their mother, but thanks to their aunt, they  were sent to Kassel for a higher education.   However, because of their social status, they were not treated fairly  by the other students, an unfortunate situation that continued even at  the university they attended in Marburg.  Because of those circumstances, the two brothers became very close to one another and deeply absorbed in their studies. Their law professor awakened their interest in history and especially in German folklore. In the years following their graduation, the brothers had a hard time taking care of their mother and siblings. Simultaneously, both started to collect German sayings, fairy tales, and myths. In order to collect those well-known and widely spread fairy tales and sayings, the brothers Grimm talked to many people in many places and transcribed the many stories they had learned over the years. Sometimes they even translated the stories from Old German into modern German and adapted them slightly. German Folklore as Collective National Identity The Grimm brothers were not only interested in history, but in uniting a disparate Germany into one country. At this time, Germany was more of  a conglomeration of about 200 different kingdoms and principalities. With their collection of German folklore, Jacob and Wilhelm tried to give the German people something like a collective national identity.   In 1812, the first volume of Kinder-  und Hausmrchen was finally  published.  It  contained many of the classic fairytales still known today like Hnsel and Gretel and Cinderella.  In  subsequent years, many other volumes of the well-known book were published, all of them with revised content. In this process of revision, the fairytales became more and more suitable for children, similar to the versions we know today.   Earlier versions of the tales were rather crude and filthy in content and form, containing explicit sexual content or harsh violence. Most of the stories originated in rural areas and had  been shared by farmers and among lower classes. The Grimms revisions made these written versions suitable for a more refined audience. Adding illustrations made the books more appealing to children. Other Well-Known Grimm Works Besides the well-known Kinder-und Hausmrchen, the Grimms continued to publish other books about German mythology, sayings, and language.  With their book Die Deutsche Grammatik (The German Grammar), they were the first two authors who researched the origin and development of the German dialects and their grammatical circumstances. Also, they worked on their most lavish project, the first German dictionary. This Das Deutsche Wà ¶rterbuch was published in the 19th century but was really completed in the year 1961. It is still the largest and most comprehensive dictionary of the German language. While  living in Gà ¶ttingen, at that time part of the Kingdom of Hannover, and fighting for a united Germany, the Grimm brothers published several polemics criticizing the king. They were dismissed from the university along with five other professors and also kicked out of the kingdom. First, both lived again in Kassel but were invited to Berlin by the Prussian king, Friedrich Wilhelm IV, in order to continue their academic work there. They lived there for 20 years. Wilhelm died in 1859, his brother Jacob in 1863. To  this  day, the Grimm brothers literary contributions are known all over the world and  their work is tightly bound to the German cultural heritage.  Until the European currency, the Euro, was introduced in 2002, their visages could be seen on the 1.000 Deutsche Mark bill.   The themes of Mrchen are universal and enduring: good versus evil in which the good (Cinderella, Snow White) are rewarded and the wicked (stepmother) are punished. Our modern versions- Pretty Woman, Black Swan, Edward Scissorhands, Snow White and the Huntsman, and others show just how relevant and powerful these tales remain today.

Excel and word Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Excel and word - Assignment Example 4: Frequency distribution for labour hours Bin Frequency 0-1000 0 1001-1100 5 1101-1200 1 1201-1300 2 1301-1400 4 1401-1500 3 1501-1600 6 1601-1700 2 1701-1800 1 1801-1900 0 More 0 Graph 1: Histogram for labour hours The frequency distribution table and the histogram confirms dispersion of observed values on the variables and the slight skewedness. Section B Graphical representation of variables is one of the strategies for identifying their correlation. The following graph shows consistency in changes among all the variables across the considered months. Graph 2: Comparative graph of the variables across the considered months The observed consistency in the variables’ trend suggests possible association among them. A more clear causal effect relationship can be observed from correletion coefficientthat is shown in the following table. Table 5: Correletion coefficients    Overhead costs Direct labour hours Machine hours No. Of set ups Overhead costs 1 Direct labour hours 0.7 03705 1 Machine hours 0.74701 0.680397 1 No. Of set ups 0.555748 0.321948 0.333965 1 The table identifies the strongest association between overhead costs and direct labor hours and machine hours because of the highest coefficient, 0.74701, as compared to coefficients for the other overhead cost drivers. Analysis of variance however offers the most accurate causal effects relationship and the tables bellow shows the regression analysis results. Table 6: ANOVA table for multiple regression analysis ANOVA    df SS MS F Significance F Regression 3 5284.197 1761.399 16.63454 1.17E-05 Residual 20 2117.761 105.8881 Total 23 7401.958          The low significance value, 1.17E-05 that is lower than 0.05, means that the null hypothesis is rejected to the effect that the cost drivers have significant... Advantages and disadvantages of using a spreadsheet package to compile statistical calculations Operating spreadsheets in calculations has both advantages and disadvantages with which users interact. One of the associated advantages is the ease with which an individual can learn about spreadsheet features and apply the features in analysis. Readily available functions for calculations facilitates these as users can easily identify the functions’ locations and use them at the click of a tab. Spreadsheet functions are also organized into categories with distinct features and this allows users to predict, with ease, location of a function for use. The overall display of input values also offer references to facilitate learning of spreadsheet operations. Another identified advantage with spreadsheets is the ability to develop them within a short period and with significant ease. Users’ ability to design and develop spreadsheet also means that the data analysis tools are cheap. Spreadsheets are also flexible to handle both simple and complex data analysis and this make s them applicable to diversified users and professions. Programmed features of spreadsheets with â€Å"built-in capabilities, functions, and tools† also offer an advantage of spreadsheet and empower users in data analysis (Lau and Gugden 2011, p. 247). Most spreadsheets are also readily available with operation systems and from vendors and the accessibility promote training on the spreadsheet applications and familiarity with different spreadsheet features (Tennent and Friend 2011, n.p.). Spreadsheets also allows for multiple representation of data through â€Å"numerical, graphical, and algebraic representations† (Stacey, Chick and Kendal 2004, p. 107).